Nephropathy (diabetic, of unknown etiology) is kidney damage that impairs the ability to filter blood and excrete metabolic waste products, which may manifest as edema, elevated blood pressure, and urinalysis abnormalities. In diabetic nephropathy, glucose control is the most important part of disease management: modern glucose-lowering medications allow achieving diabetes compensation, which significantly slows the progression of kidney damage. In nephropathy of unknown cause, when the cause of kidney damage is not identified, treatment is aimed at slowing disease progression and protecting renal tissue. Since the specific mechanism of injury is unclear, therapy targets the factors that may accelerate kidney failure: arterial hypertension, proteinuria, and metabolic disturbances.