VATS removal of mediastinal masses with biopsy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure aimed at obtaining tissue or completely excising lesions in the central compartment (mediastinum) between the lungs through small punctures in the chest wall. The surgery is performed on patients with mediastinal masses (enlarged lymph nodes, cysts, thymomas, or teratomas) when tissue sampling or tumor removal is needed. Biopsy or lesion removal is performed under video guidance to preserve the integrity of adjacent vessels and nerves. The procedure allows to make a diagnosis or remove a mediastinal lesion, followed by rapid recovery and a shorter hospital stay.